Nestled in the waters of the Detroit River, Grosse Ile holds the distinction of being Michigan’s largest and most populated island, spanning approximately 9.6 square miles. Located in Wayne County and part of the greater Metro Detroit area, Grosse Ile is a unique blend of historical significance, natural beauty, and small-town charm.
Often referred to by residents as “The Big Island” or simply “The Island,” Grosse Ile is the centerpiece of a township that includes more than a dozen surrounding islands, many of which remain uninhabited.
Geography and Accessibility
Grosse Ile’s distinctive geography contributes to its quiet, self-contained character. The island is segmented by two inland canals, which divide it into distinct regions. The northern portion, stretching to Hennepin Point, is largely undeveloped and home to a historic lighthouse that watches over the flowing Detroit River. This section serves as a preserved slice of nature, contrasting with more developed residential areas elsewhere on the island.
To the south, the island houses the Grosse Ile Municipal Airport, adding another layer of connectivity while preserving the town’s peaceful rhythm. Accessibility to the island is provided by two bridges: the Wayne County Bridge, centrally located, and the Grosse Ile Toll Bridge, located at the northern end. Together, they make the island reachable while reinforcing its sense of exclusivity and calm.
Ecological Significance
Grosse Ile is located within the boundaries of the Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge, making it not just a residential enclave but an ecological asset. The refuge supports diverse species of birds, fish, and native flora, and emphasizes the island’s importance in the environmental tapestry of the Great Lakes region. With its mix of preserved wetlands, forested areas, and open river access, Grosse Ile is a vital node for conservation efforts.
French Roots and Historical Development
The island’s name, Grosse Ile, means “Large Island” in French—a nod to the early French influence in the region. This history dates back to 1776, when the Potawatomi tribe introduced the island to French explorers. Ownership eventually passed to brothers William and Alexander Macomb, whose acquisition laid the groundwork for the island’s later settlement and development.
After its initial survey in 1819, Grosse Ile was incorporated into Monguagon Township in 1829. Despite this inclusion, it remained largely self-governed until October 27, 1914, when it became officially recognized as Grosse Ile Township.
Innovation and Community Heritage
Grosse Ile has contributed to American innovation in surprising ways. In 1905, island resident Cameron Waterman famously tested the first outboard motor in the icy Detroit River, a moment that signaled a breakthrough in boating technology.
The island’s community planning also showcases its forward-thinking spirit. The Jewell Colony subdivision, established in the 1920s, became the island’s first planned residential community. Today, many of its homes are listed on the Michigan Register of Historic Places, serving as a preserved glimpse into Grosse Ile’s early suburban identity.
A Look at the Island Community
According to the 2000 U.S. Census, Grosse Ile Township had 10,894 residents across 4,122 households, resulting in a population density of approximately 1,134 people per square mile. The community was predominantly White (95.23%), with Asian residents accounting for the second-largest group at 2.74%. Today, Grosse Ile maintains its tight-knit, small-town feel, enriched by historical landmarks and preserved green spaces.
